Many people have eye diseases of various types at any time and at any age. Some of them are very mild and treat itself with or without treatment, while some needs special care or eye specialist. All eye diseases do not affect your vision, but some do badly. Eye diseases may be age-related, genetic, or pathological. There are lots of factors that become the reason for different eye diseases like polluted environment, dust or allergen exposure, excessive use of eye drops, inappropriate use of contact lenses, eyesight problems, Sun exposure, or degenerative changes like glaucoma, cataract, etc.
Common Causes of Eye Diseases
Lots of causative agents have surrounded us in this polluted world, which badly affects our eyes. Some of them are
- Some diseases are genetically
- Dust, pollen, allergen, pollutants in our surroundings
- Harmful gases coming from factories or industries like carbon mono oxide, nitric oxide, sulphur dioxide
- Unpolluted water or contaminated water
- Ultraviolet rays coming from the sun seriously damage the eye.
- Inappropriate use of contact lenses or sharing of your lenses with your fellows
- Use of laptops, mobiles, books reading late at night or in dim light.
- Lack of sound sleep
- Poor dietary habits
Some Common Eye Diseases
Summary of some common eye diseases, through which almost all the people undergoing, are given below
1- Red Eye
It is not a disease, but a symptom of other eye diseases like conjunctivitis, sun damage, keratitis, or pink eye. The whitish portion of the eye has tiny blood vessels that nourished the eye. When this blood vessel ruptured, most of the blood ooze out and make the eye itchier, irritation, and burning sensation.
It can occur in any bacteria infection, viral infection, or fungal infection when you don’t have to protect your eye by wearing glasses. The eye becomes a fully red, painful, and watering eye that immediately needs proper diagnosis and treatment, related to the diagnosis.
2- Strabismus
When both eyes are not lined up in an axis when you look at anything, you might have strabismus. It is also commonly known as Squint or Crossed Eye. It may be congenital or acquired. Acquired is in other diseases like myopia, hypermetropia, or nystagmus.
It doesn’t affect your vision but it cosmetically or apparently look bad. It losses the person’s self-confidence or self-esteem. This is corrected, although, surgically.
3- Refractive Error / Eyesight issues
Refractive errors are not the diseases but it may occur due to any eye disease or can cause various eye diseases. Normally light coming from any source falls on your retina, this retina sends a signal via the optic nerve to the brain, and the image is formed at fovea centralis. If due to any issue, light doesn’t fall on the retina, rather it falls in front or behind the retina, blurred images are formed. You are unable to see the clear objects and you go for eyesight checkup.
- If you are unable to see far objects, you have myopia or near-sightedness.
- If you are unable to see clearly near objects, you have hypermetropia or farsightedness.
- Your vision progressively becomes poor with the age for the near objects, you have presbyopia.
These are refractive errors that are corrected by either with the convex, concave lenses, or by doing surgery.
4- Dry Eye
Normally your eyes are lubricated all-time with the tear production and this is the reason how you blink your eyes. But when your eyes are unable to make enough tear, you feel a burning sensation or foreign body sensation in your eye. Sever dry eye can lead to some loss of vision. It can be treated by:
- Use a humidifier at home.
- Drink plenty of water.
- Use special eye drops in your eye, that work like natural tears
- Take a good and healthy diet like omega-3 fatty acids or fish oil
- wash your eyes two times a day.
- wear sunglasses, when you are on go.
5- Eyestrain
A common eye disease in students or job workers who read books for long hours and works at a computer for a long time. This eyestrain is due to the overuse of your eyes. Don’t worry it can be overcome by simply shutting your eyes down. Give your eyes some time off because your eyes get exhausted and they need to rest. If it is severe and doesn’t go away despite being rested, you should visualize the eye clinic to find out the exact cause.
